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DO YOU KNOW ENOUGH ABOUT ALCOHOL AND DRUGS TO BE ONE STEP AHEAD ???
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ALCOHOL
EFFECTS Personality changes, lower the inhibitions. The user always thinks they are better due to an illusion created through partaking of the drug. DANGERS Known as the great remover this is certainly true, alcohol will often remove stains from clothing. The problem is it will also remove winter clothes, spring clothes and autumn clothes from a man, his wife and children if used in sufficient quantity. Alcohol will remove furniture from the home, rugs from the floor, food from the table, lining from the stomach, vision from the eyes and judgement from the minds. Alcohol will also remove reputations, good jobs, good friends, happiness from your heart, sanity, freedom, man's ability to adjust to live with his fellow man and even life itself. As a remover of things, alcohol has no equal. If you are shy it can make you gregarious, if you are depressed it can make you happy, if you are insecure it can create confidence - stress and agitation can become peace and tranquillity. Alcohol can create almost everyone's idea of Utopia and is therefore, highly addictive. It takes the body one hour to completely dispose of one standard drink, ie. one half pint of normal strength beer, or 1/6 of a gill optic measure of spirit. A useful drug value comparison is that a bottle of spirit is approximately equivalent to 60mg of Diazepam (Valium). Diazepam is a Benzodiazepine, so is Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) best known as the date rape drug, by definition extreme caution is advised. Alcohol abuse - more than 28 standard drinks, per week for a man, 21 for a woman can cause:-
Alcohol has been associated
with Osteoporosis. But more importantly, if you drink more than seven
etc... alcoholic drinks a week, the bone-building activity of your cells will
be diminished because the toxins from the alcohol will prevent your bones from
absorbing the maximum nutrients from food.
METHANOL: Is the most basic alcohol. It is a tasteless, colourless liquid with only the faintest of odours, often referred to as 'wood alcohol'. Methanol is also a fuel capable of driving the combustion engines in cars and commercial vehicles. A few teaspoons can cause blindness and a few tablespoons can be fatal, the practice of using it as the base for alcoholic drinks is highly dangerous. A batch of vodka known to have killed a number of people which was discovered to be methanol based, was recently produced in Norway.
The Government is being urged to put a ban on 140 per cent proof ‘Absinthe’ which has hallucinogenic effects and is said to have been responsible for much outrageous behaviour including Vincent van Gogh cutting off his ear. It is a drink frequently linked historically to writers and the arts, and is retailed legally in parts of Europe. The French outlawed it after discovering that half of the people in it's asylums were there because of the side-effects, which also include epilepsy and baldness. Absinthe can knock people for six in a way no other drink can. The hallucinogenic drink, said to taste like cough medicine, was banned in France in 1915. It is also banned in Switzerland, where it was invented in the eighteenth century. Absinthe - made by soaking wormwood bark in alcohol - became popular in France in the last century, but by 1912 doctors were so concerned they lobbied for a ban on the grounds that it was 246 times more powerful than beer. Wormwood is a woody shrub and was once grown prolifically on the site of the present Wormwood Scrubs Prison, which bears it's name.
CIGARETTES
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Early European explorers found the Aztecs smoking hollow reeds stuffed with tobacco, while other tribes simply rolled the leaves into a thick tube - perhaps the first cigar. It was in this form that tobacco was first introduced to Europe in the 1500’s, both as a luxury and as a remedy. Within 150 years, tobacco was known throughout Europe, and had spread to Asia and Africa. In 1612 John Rolfe harvested the first tobacco crop of the English colony at Jamestown, Virginia. Less than a decade later tobacco was a major export commodity for the colony, where it was even used as a form of currency. The habit of inhaling snuff which is tobacco that has been fermented and then finely ground, became popular in England during the 17th century. In the USA tobacco users later took to chewing. EFFECTS Induces a calming effect, most smokers get pleasure from the taste and aroma of tobacco. They may also get pleasure simply from the ritual of lighting up. Some smokers claim it can act as a stimulant. Tobacco may both sedate and stimulate as scientific evidence shows this is due to the presence of nicotine. DANGERS Smoking is the major cause of lung cancer and smokers live on average, shorter lives than non-smokers. Also can contribute to cancer of the mouth, larynx, gullet and bladder; cigarette smoking is an important factor in chronic bronchitis and coronary heart disease/strokes. Smoking is a cause of impotence in men and contributes to reduced fertility in both men and women. It is a well known fact it impairs blood circulation in the legs and causes gangrene in extreme cases. Women who smoke are twice as likely as non-smoking women to suffer complications in pregnancy. On average, a child born to a smoker will be 8 oz lighter than that of her non-smoking counterpart. There is also an increased risk of the baby dying around the time of birth or soon after. Research studies have shown that the harmful effects of cigarette smoke on the unborn child can even be detected many years later. At 11 years of age, children born to smoking mothers are on average 3 months behind in schoolwork compared to children born to mothers who did not smoke at all during pregnancy. Cot deaths have been associated with parents who smoke. Recently there has been an increase in the amount of teenage girls taking up smoking, in an effort to remain slim. PASSIVE SMOKING There is now conclusive evidence that exposure to cigarette smoke in the air can harm non-smokers. In 1986 a report was published by the Surgeon General in the United States which supported this conclusion, and a year later a similar report was issued by the British government. The evidence presented is very detailed. One of the most conclusive findings concerned the risk of lung cancer in the non-smoking husband or wife of a smoker. The partner of a smoker runs a risk of developing lung cancer which is two or three times the usual risk for a non-smoker. It has also been found that the children of parents who smoke are much more likely to develop bronchitis or pneumonia, especially in the first year of life. Other forms of throat, ear and lung disease are more common among children of smokers. CHEWING TOBACCO Tobacco is a major cause of cancer, and people who use smokeless tobacco in any form but particularly those who choose to chew tobacco, are putting themselves at a greater risk of contracting oral cancer. In the same way cigarette smokers suffer increased heart rate and blood pressure, levels of nicotine of smokeless tobacco users increase also. Those who chew tobacco can develop a permanent sore in the mouth after a relatively short period of time. This is a sign of worse to come. Related symptoms are chemical dependence, gingivitis, tooth loss, mucosal changes and mood swings if deprived. Chewing tobacco can have a serious effect on a foetus as heavy metals like cadmium and lead are found in the bloodstreams of regular users. Tumours are also found. Chewing tobacco has the same negative effect on the body as smoking cigarettes. SNUFF Snuff is very finely ground tobacco which is inhaled for effect. It frequently contains added essences and certain mineral salts. Snuff is a cause of various cancers. VITAL INFORMATION YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE ILLEGAL USE OF NON-PRESCRIBED DRUGS
ACID
Acid (LSD or Lysergic acid diethylamide) is an extraordinarily powerful, mind-altering drug, which causes hallucinations. LSD is almost always soaked in small squares of blotting paper-like tablets. The average amount in an acid tab is around 50 micrograms. A tablet can contain as much as 250 mcg, which could cause a nervous breakdown. EFFECTS Effects begin thirty minutes after taking and peaks after about two hours. Acid changes a persons’ perceptions within and without. An Acid trip can be predicted by mood at the time of taking. If down, a person is more likely to have a ‘bad trip’. If happy more likely to have a good one. An hallucination means seeing things that aren’t there. Sometimes they can be terribly frightening. Images can change shape, colours become more vivid and things feel different to the touch. Those who use, start to see the world from a different point of view, some say they understand things as never before. A good trip can be thrilling, but the bad trip can be a nightmare, triggering a drug psychosis preventing escape from the nightmares. DANGERS There are virtually no physical side effects from taking Acid and it’s not addictive, but the mental effects can be very sinister. Because it’s a mind-altering drug, Acid can unlock a mental illness. This can lead to psychiatric treatment. People have believed they can fly, walk on water or stop a vehicle when on a “trip”, putting themselves and others at risk. When a bad trip is over, it’s possible to suffer terrifying flashbacks for weeks, even years. Anything can trigger a flashback.
SALVIA DIVINORUM A deadly mind-blowing drug that is new to these shores, more powerful than LSD and cheap to buy (currently legal in the UK). A herb used by witch doctors in magic rituals. EFFECTS Can cause terrifying hallucinations, paranoia and loss of co-ordination. Experts fear this herb could drive young people and those mentally unstable mad - or even kill them. Is smoked in a joint, pipe or "bong" (large water cooled pipe used by crack users). Just a few puffs can cause mind-blowing effects lasting up to 3 hours. DANGERS Can cause madness and death. Permanent mental damage to young people. Permanent severe spasmodic depression.
AMPHETAMINES
A stimulant that makes users more alert and energetic. It is a man-made drug and comes as a white powder, or sometimes as a pill or paste. Speed is least dangerous when swallowed. Injecting can be fatal as the heart often cannot take the shock. EFFECTS Within a matter of minutes, if snorted or injected, there will be a rush through the body and a feeling of being energetic, alert and self-confident. If swallowed the effect may take twenty–thirty minutes. Everything moves faster and feels more urgent. Users become extremely talkative and can stay awake for long periods. Speed raises the body temperature, which can be very dangerous if mixed with other drugs such as alcohol or Ecstasy. Users may feel anxious and panicky. People can still be under the influence up to twenty-four hours after taking the drug. DANGERS A rapidly rising body temperature will make users delirious and could possibly lead to heatstroke. If they drink too much water, too quickly a physical reaction may occur. Even if young and healthy, Speed can lead to a heart attack. Liver and kidney failure can occur mixed with alcohol. High blood pressure can cause small blood vessels to burst in the brain, leading to paralysis or coma. Heavy use regularly can lead to mental breakdown and psychosis, which means users become paranoid, agitated and suspicious.
CANNABIS
Comes from a plant called Cannabis Sativa. There are three forms: herbal, resin and hash oil. The most common is herbal Cannabis, made from the dried leaves and flowers of the plant. Resin is made by compressing the leaves and stem into blocks. Resin is usually mixed with tobacco in a hand-rolled cigarette but, like herbal, can be eaten when added to foods. Hash oil is obtained when resin is dissolved, filtered and allowed to evaporate. It’s either smeared on cigarette papers and smoked, or mixed with tobacco. EFFECTS Exaggerates the way a person feels. Usually makes a person relaxed, happy and sociable – especially if they are in company. Users become talkative and think they have a ‘greater insight’ into the world, it’s problems and mysteries. They lose their inhibitions so that they say and do things out of character. They often find everything hilarious, giving the impression they are privy to a hidden agenda. A craving for sweet snacks can occur. Users may have heightened sensations so that materials feel softer and colours brighter. People may feel sick, dizzy or faint. Judgement can be impaired and loss of co-ordination experienced. They can feel disorientated and unable to speak and may feel panic or paranoia. This can even occur with small amounts. DANGERS Cannabis stays in the body far longer than alcohol, for around two months. It would be inadvisable to operate machinery or drive for up to four or five days afterwards. May trigger mental problems in certain people and is risky for those with breathing problems. Two spliffs is the equivalent of six to ten cigarettes. Can lower a man’s sperm count and sperm produced could be abnormal. Pregnant women may harm their unborn babies by using Cannabis. Some long-term, heavy users may get panic attacks, exaggerated mood swings and persecution complexes. Mixing Cannabis with Speed or Ecstasy can cause serious dehydration and lead to heart attacks or unconsciousness.
Caffeine is a stimulant present in tea and coffee the strength and effect of which is very much underestimated. By far the most popular method of using it for effect is in the form of high energy drink Red Bull. 1.6 billion plus cans are sold worldwide every year. A 250 ml can contains 80mg of Caffeine. It is banned in France and Denmark on health grounds. It is not suitable for diabetics or children. Presently it is under investigation in Sweden after related deaths. It is included in many analgesic preparations but does not contribute to their analgesic or anti-inflammatory effect. Over-indulgence may lead to state of anxiety. It is however, claimed by some, that the addition of caffeine may enhance the analgesic effect by its alerting effect. The mild habit-forming effect and possible provocation of headache may not always be desirable and often not be connected to coffee overdose. Moreover, in excessive dosage withdrawal can take place. Before taking too much caffeine, it might be worth considering that a leading European lingerie firm is selling tights laced with caffeine which, it declares, are guaranteed to get rid of fat from the buttocks. (Robin Yapp, Science Reporter, Daily Mail).
COCAINE
Most of it comes as a white crystalline powder, often ‘cut’ with glucose, lactose and occasionally anaesthetics. The Cocaine content can be as low as 25%. EFFECTS When ‘snorted’, Cocaine is absorbed through the blood vessels in the nostrils and reaches the brain in seconds, but the effects rarely last more than half an hour. Euphoria follows and a feeling of well-being. Everything looks rosy and stress, anxiety and all life’s problems fall away. People want to chat, laugh and dance. Inhibitions begin to disappear and many feel sexually aroused. There follows a deep low. It comes quickly and users take more Cocaine to try to overcome it. Users could act oddly and violently - after the euphoria comes depression and paranoia. DANGERS Chronic sneezing, stuffiness and nose bleeds. Injecting Cocaine is highly dangerous because of a real risk of overdosing. Mixing with Heroin increases the chances of a lethal overdose even more because the two drugs amplify each other’s effects. A psychological dependence follows which is so deep-rooted it is difficult to treat. In the long term, users may become psychotic, underweight, and malnourished. Male users can become impotent. ‘Snorting’ gradually burns a hole between the nostrils, and can irrevocably damage the membranes of the nose and roof of the mouth. Can even lead to prosthesis as plastic reconstructive surgery on nose is unsuccessful in repeated users. Can cause spontaneous abortions in pregnant women, and foetal abnormalities. Also many experts subscribe to a lower intelligence rating among users children/offspring.
COCAINE PLUS (NEW) A new highly addictive form of cocaine - costing between 10P-20P per hit. Cocaine Sulphate known as 'Paco' has caused misery amongst children as young as ten years of age. Paco is produced from the residue left over when coca plants are turned into cocaine. In paste form it is put into a cigarette providing an 8 minute high leaving the victim wanting another one immediately. Witnesses in South America describe those who use it as. "The living dead".
CRACK Crack is Cocaine that has been processed and can be 80-100% pure, making it much more dangerous. It is the strongest and most evil stimulant of all. Crack comes as crystals that look like small rocks, varying in colour from pale yellow or pink, to white. It is generally smoked, or inhaled after a process known as washing back is used - a warning signal being tin foil in evidence. Another rarer form of processed Cocaine is called Freebase which is usually identified on the streets as Baseball or Base. EFFECTS The hit comes within seconds, is major, but short-lived. For a few minutes, fifteen at the most, Crack can give intense euphoria and an energy surge with an incredible sense of well-being and power. There follows a comedown which begins with shakes and uncontrollable twitching. Shivering follows. Victims will often feel weak, tired, paranoid, depressed and alone. Irritation and aggression are also quite common. This can last days and users say it’s like tumbling down a slope covered in broken glass. DANGERS Crack is called the ‘one hit and you’re hooked’ drug, because once tried the chances of becoming addicted are higher than with any other drug. Long-term Crack use can lead to severe psychological problems. Users may feel intense hatred and distrust of other people. Sufferers can become delusional and violent. Crack is so powerful that to use any drug with it is potentially lethal. It is tough to kick Crack because the craving is so strong. Withdrawal symptoms are so bad, the victim can become suicidal.
DIMETHYLTRIPTAMINE
(D.M.T.) Usually obtained on the streets in the form of a tan coloured powder. In its purest form it is an extremely strong smelling white crystal. Can be eaten but is usually smoked. Originates from certain tropical plants. Synthetic equivalents are available, usually manufactured in back street labs. EFFECTS D.M.T is an hallucinogenic drug with a much more pronounced effect than others in its field. Major effects last for about 15-20 mins followed by a ‘come down’ experience. A sensation of euphoria can be followed by fear and in certain instances a belief of madness. If smoked, the risks of a bad trip are even greater than if eaten. DANGERS Hallucinations can vary from complete loss of reality to extremes bordering on terrifying involvements with monsters and the like.
ECSTASY
Ecstasy the popular disco/dance drug, is the street name for MDMA technically known as: - Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Created in the US in 1912, as an appetite suppressant, it was also found to calm feelings of anger. Ecstasy generates feelings of friendliness and love. It is a mildly hallucinogenic drug that produces feelings of euphoria in those who take it. It’s most common side effect is hyperthermia: drinking large quantities of water to combat the intense thirst produced by taking the drug may result in fatal damage to the body’s fluid balance. Tablets come in different designs, often with logos on them. MDMA may be cut with other substances e.g. talcum powder or even powerful drugs, such as a horse tranquilliser called Ketamine, giving horrible unexpected side effects. EFFECTS After about thirty minutes the effects begin, peaking in an hour and lasting two-three hours. Users skin feels warm or tingly. Colours seem bright. Music seems loud. People hug. The heart pounds, accompanied by feelings of nausea. Users become overstimulated, jumpy and panicky. They may start to hallucinate. People lose salt as they perspire and become dehydrated, which can lead to heatstroke. Memory loss can ensue and co-ordination becomes affected. Paranoia may follow. Ecstasy causes long-term sleep disturbance that can lead to depression and an increased risk of accidents. DANGERS Body temperature rises and heatstroke may develop which can be fatal. Drinking too much water can cause the brain to swell, leading to unconsciousness and death. A chemical upset in the brain causes hallucinations. Ecstasy can interrupt blood flow to the brain and cause a stroke. Just one pill can cause fatal kidney and liver failure. Mixing Ecstasy with other drugs can easily cause death.
5MEO-DIPT
A powerful new designer drug, fresh on Britain's streets, already big in Japan and America and easily obtainable on the internet. Indications are, that ecstasy users who want a similar but much bigger kick, are turning to this new Class A drug. EFFECTS The popular ecstasy effect is increased ten-fold by this terribly sinister new addition to the drug scene. The length of the sustained high is estimated at six hours. DANGERS 5MEO-DIPT is potentially more lethal than other drugs in its group and in addition carries all the other hazards of seriously strong substances. The extent of the dangers are not yet fully known. It is known that the new compounds are not made in illicit factories or backroom kitchen labs, but synthesised as "research chemicals" by commercial labs in the USA. In addition stop press information is emerging from the USA about a new designer hallucinogenic drug known as 2C-1. It is used as a dance drug with similarities in effect to MDMA which is the main ingredient of ecstasy. Starkly, the internets biggest underground drug centre warns: "it is not reasonable to assume these chemicals are safe to use recreationally. When you use research chemicals you could be the unfortunate person to discover a new drugs lethal dose."
HEROIN
A depressant drug produced from raw Opium found in certain oriental poppies. The opposite of a stimulant, it numbs the brain and body and kills pain. Very highly addictive. A warning sign would be the presence of tin foil. Comes in three forms: Brown is the most common, low-grade, messy, dirty powder cut with rubbish. It is smoked and should not be injected. China White comes in grey granules which is either smoked or injected. Pharmaceutical Heroin (Diamorphine) is quite different because it is pure and for medicinal use only. EFFECTS
Feelings of euphoria and waves of well-being flood in. Pain - physical and mental – disappears. The addictive effect is users immediately love themselves. Small quantities make people very talkative, energized, fervent and full of confidence. Larger quantities put people into a dazed state. Lost in an inner world, they cannot and will not communicate with anyone. The initial ‘rush’ is followed by a spaced-out feeling that makes the world a wonderful place. First-time users often feel nausea and are physically sick. DANGERS Brown can be dissolved in vinegar or lemon juice but both contain a fungus that can cause eyesight problems if injected. Pharmaceutical Heroin is so powerful that users of Brown can overdose if they switch. With heavy use, abscesses, sores and open wounds frequently develop. Heroin rapidly becomes the most vital thing in an addict’s life. They lose weight and refrain from washing and do not actually care because all they want is their next hit. During withdrawal, or ‘cold turkey’, addicts suffer cravings, panic attacks, inability to sleep, nausea, diarrhoea, sweating, hot and cold flushes and cramps.
KHAT
EFFECTS Khat (pronounced Cot) is chewed by users to boost sexual staying power (though suspected impotence is a long term effect) and gives a kick greater than uppers enabling users to stay awake for prolonged periods. DANGERS Causes paranoia and hallucinations. Said to lead to mouth cancer. Also warnings that it can cause acute depression that may lead to suicide.
KETAMINE Special K, or Ketamine as it is technically known, is a fairly new drug to hit the streets. It has been described by some as turbo-charged Ecstasy, and is so powerful it is favourite among doping gangs who nobble horses. The most chilling submission as to it's power came from a middle-aged pusher who said he would not touch it because it would be ‘guaranteed blood on his hands.’ It is a white powder which comes in grammes or half grammes pre-wrapped and can be snorted, swallowed or injected. EFFECTS Numbs the whole body, destroys all sense of feeling and induces hallucinations. In a very short time the user has no perception of time or reality. The actual sensation has been described as being a separation of body and soul. Such is the numbing effect victims could sustain a major fracture and not notice. The feeling has also been likened to being sent through a fax machine. DANGERS Ketamine lowers the heart rate and starves the brain of oxygen. One terrifying aspect is, once experienced, youngsters deliberately repeat the exercise to induce near death experiences.
MAGIC
MUSHROOMS
EFFECTS Excitement and euphoria. People may giggle and find everything hilarious. They feel detached from the world. They become engrossed in whatever they’re doing. Some begin to see and hear things that aren’t really there. Sounds and colours may become distorted or intense and things may change shape. Users may lose track of time. Some people say they feel things on their skin that are not there. Others experience a mystical journey and a sense of enlightenment. DANGERS It is impossible to predict the effect of even one Mushroom or how many will induce hallucinations. If taken when in the wrong frame of mind, they can induce deep feelings of paranoia leading to hysteria. The hallucinations can be absolutely terrifying and impossible to stop. There is a danger of taking a poisonous variety. Some Mushrooms can cause stomach pains, vomiting and diarrhoea. Others can bring on respiratory failure, unconsciousness, even death.
METHYLAMPHETAMINE
It is more lethal than Crack or Cocaine, cheap to produce and in many countries has taken over from Heroin as the number one killer. Currently being peddled to kids in nightclubs, there are still relatively small amounts in the U.K. however, that was exactly the position of Ecstasy when it first began to appear - now it is available everywhere. 1999. EFFECTS Within minutes, perceptions begin to change. Enormous reserves of energy develop leading to horrifying hallucinations where users are convinced insects are crawling under their skin. It has been known for the phantasm to be so vivid, victims have taken to cut their skin in an attempt to reach the organisms. DANGERS Available as pills, powder or ‘rocks’ which resemble lumps of sugar, where abuse has reached epidemic proportions in Asia, addicts suffer lung and kidney disorders and extreme depression. It is a major stimulant which can keep the user awake for days. Creates major aggression in normally placid personalities. In the same way as ‘Crack’ represents highly purified Cocaine, ‘ice’ is the pure form of Methylamphetamine. There are grey areas with regard to how it is produced. Crystallisation takes the form of tiny colourless spindle shapes resembling ice crystals, hence the street name. Available on a relatively small scale in the U.K. 1999. ADMINISTRATION Vapourised in a glass tube and inhaled. It is extremely long lasting often up to 10 - 12 hours and can be re-used.
POPPERS
Small bottles of clear liquid usually Amyl Nitrite, inhaled from the container or from a cloth soaked in it. Amyl Nitrite is a drug that relaxes smooth muscle, especially that of blood vessels. EFFECTS Could be a burst of energy, and a rushing sensation because the heart starts to beat faster. A feeling of light-headedness, followed by possible dizziness or even fainting caused by the lowering of blood pressure |
Reputed
to be as dangerous as crack cocaine and banned throughout Europe and
America. Legally on open sale in Britain for as little as £3 - said to be
sweeping the country.
